Journal: Science bulletin
Article Title: Ethanolamine as a biomarker and biomarker-based therapy for diabetic retinopathy in glucose-well-controlled diabetic patients.
doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.12.053
Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6. Ethanolamine prevents retinal inflammation in diabetic rats with suppressed microglial activation and leukocyte adhesion. (a) Schematic illustration of the experimental design of ethanolamine gavage intervention in STZ-induced diabetic SD rats for 36 d. (b) Metabolism analysis revealed that total ethanolamine was significantly decreased in diabetic mouse retinas 8 weeks after diabetes induction. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3 retinas from distinct mice). (c, d) Fasting plasma glucose levels and body weight were measured weekly after STZ or PBS injection in SD rats with or without ethanolamine gavage intervention (100 mg/kg; n = 24). (e) Ethanolamine inhibited IL-1b expression at the mRNA level in diabetic rat retinas 36 d after DR induction, as determined via qRT-PCR analysis. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 3– 6 retinas from distinct rats). (f) Ethanolamine prevented leukocyte adhesion in diabetic rat retinas 30 d after DR induction. Representative images of adherent leukocytes within the retinal vasculature in flat-mounted retinas by lectin staining. Adherent leukocytes are indicated by white arrowheads. Scale bar, 50 lm. (g) Quantification of retinal adherent leukocytes. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. (n = 2–4 retinas from distinct rats). (h) Ethanolamine-mediated inhibition of microglia activation in diabetic rat retinas. Representative retinal cross-sections showed the morphological changes in microglial immunolabeled for IBA-1 (green) in retinas from normal rats and diabetic rats 36 d after DR induction with or without ethanolamine treatment. Scale bar, 25 lm. STZ, diabetes group; STZ + ETN, diabetes with ethanolamine treatment group; Control, normal control group. # P < 0.05 vs. the control group. ## P < 0.01 vs. the control group. ###P < 0.001 vs. the control group. * P < 0.05 vs. the STZ group. ** P < 0.01 vs. the STZ group, and ns indicates non-significant vs. the STZ group.
Article Snippet: Subsequently, to label the adherent leukocytes and vascular endothelium, we perfused 20 lg/mL FITC-coupled concanavalin A lectin (ConA) (FL-1001; Vector Laboratories, USA) in PBS at a dose of 5 mg/kg.
Techniques: Activation Assay, Clinical Proteomics, Injection, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Staining, Inhibition, Immunolabeling, Control
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